• A cocktail approach can detect the

  2019-10-29

  

  A cocktail approach can detect the activities of multiple CYP 450 isoforms following administration of multiple CYP-specific substrates in a single experiment. Caffeine, losartan, omeprazole, dextromethorphan and midazolam are often used as substrates in “cocktail probes” of human cytochrome CYP1A2,

• Previous studies reported that combined

  2019-10-29

  

  Previous studies reported that combined administration of licorice/GL and TWHF/TP showed reduced toxicity and equal or even potentiated therapeutic efficacy when treating arthritis (YS et al., 2006, YS et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2007). Our findings that GL reduced exposure to TP in rats confirmed t

• Compounds were screened for their activity against the hERG

  2019-10-29

  

  Compounds were screened for their activity against the hERG channel, with the 2,3-Cl compounds more active here than the 2,4-F compounds. The homopiperazine examples (, , , ) showed increased hERG activity relative to the corresponding piperazines. The cell data for the 6,7-dimethoxyquinoline compo

• br Advantages of modified proteins over unmodified ones

  2019-10-29

  

  Advantages of modified proteins over unmodified ones In contrast to small-molecule drugs, proteins are readily amenable to site-specific alterations through genetic engineering. In principle, therefore, it is possible to build in features that allow them to remain active for longer in the body an

• The immune control of CMV replication

  2019-10-29

  

  The immune control of CMV replication in vivo is primarily driven by the T-cell-mediated response, a characteristic that has been proposed as a tool to individualize and therefore to optimize antiviral treatment [6], [7], and it has been associated with spontaneous clearance of CMV viraemia in patie

• br Acknowledgments This research was financially supported b

  2019-10-29

  

  Acknowledgments This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 31500926 and 81503282, Natural Science Fund of Guangdong Province, No 2014A030310023, Science and Technology Plan of Guangdong Province, Nos. 2014A020212309, 2013B010404044, 2017A01010501

• Apoptosis type I programmed cell death is

  2019-10-29

  

  Apoptosis, type I programmed cell death, is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, such as autoimmune hepatitis [[5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]] and hepatocellular carcinoma [11,12]. Apoptosis is activated by a variety of extrinsic or intrinsic pathways factors. Prev

• In solid tumors such as those in breast

  2019-10-28

  

  In solid tumors, such as those in breast and pancreatic cancer, infiltrating CD68+ or CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) correlate with poor outcome (DeNardo et al., 2011, Kurahara et al., 2011, Shabo et al., 2008). The tumor-promoting function of TAMs is based on their capacity to secrete p

• We note that there are slight qualitative

  2019-10-28

  

  We note that there are slight qualitative differences among the similar time-optimal protocols. We attribute this to the challenging nature of our PDE and ODE state constrained optimization problem. While our optimization algorithm was able to converge to local optima in each case, it is likely that

• br Introduction The dopaminergic system and its projections

  2019-10-28

  

  Introduction The dopaminergic system and its projections including both the prefrontal fda form 3514 australia (PFC) and striatum are known as being crucial to synaptic plasticity, skill acquisition and higher order functions (e.g., working memory and cognitive control; Matsumoto et al., 2003).

• Dopamine activity in the PFC and

  2019-10-28

  

  Dopamine activity in the PFC and striatum may be antagonistic, meaning that lower levels of dopamine in the striatum tend to correspond to higher levels of dopamine in the PFC and vice versa (Cools and D\'Esposito, 2011; Tunbridge et al., 2006). Human PET studies have reported that dopaminergic PFC

• In summary our present work

  2019-10-28

  

  In summary, our present work establishes the ability of the mammalian intestine to function as an environmental sensor able to retain an active metabolic memory for early postnatal nutritional conditions. Epigenetic silencing of the expression of the main cholesterol Mercaptopurine transporter Npc1

• Renal injury by cisplatin has been associated with oxidative

  2019-10-28

  

  Renal injury by cisplatin has been associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis (Francescato et al., 2007, Iseri et al., 2007, Kiymaz et al., 2008, Ueki et al., 2012). Specifically, apoptosis is an important mode of cell death in cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and many studies including

• When a hour delay period was

  2019-10-28

  

  When a 6-hour delay hepititis b was implemented for the WRAM, neither of the E2-treated groups (E2-only and E2 + Levo) differed in WMC errors between the postdelay trials and the baseline trials. This suggests that exogenous E2 treatment protected from a delay-induced impairment in performance on w

• br Materials and Methods br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2019-10-28

  

  Materials and Methods Acknowledgements Introduction The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are two closely related receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that contain a discoidin (DS) homology domain in their extracellular regions. The DDRs were initially discovered by homology cloning ba

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